Smart Density-Based Traffic Signal Controller with Adaptive Learning and Secure Emergency Override
Authors:
Yashwant Vats (B.M Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sonipat)
Priyanshi (B. M. Institute of Engineering and Technology)
Aditya (B. M. Institute of Engineering and Technology)
Dr. Gurminder Kaur (B. M. Institute of Engineering and Technology)
Dr. Vishal Jain (B. M. Institute of Engineering and Technology)
Dr. Harish Mittal (B. M. Institute of Engineering and Technology)
Abstract

The project is focused on implementing a system where a traffic signal can automatically override regular timing during emergencies. Emergency vehicles such as ambulances or fire trucks, which get stuck in traffic, should be given priority. This is also needed when there's heavy traffic in one direction. For instance, the system in the Android app allows remote control by adjusting signal timings to give a green light only to the desired road and a red light to all others. The core of this project is a microcontroller, specifically from the 8051 family, which is connected to a density detector. This detector uses IR sensors and photodiodes arranged in a line-of-sight setup with a load. Traffic density is categorized into low, medium, or high, and signal timings are assigned based on this classification. Edit: Bluetooth is already used for timing override on Android devices.

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Published in: NCAIDT 2025 Proceedings
DOI: 10.63169/NCAIDT2025.p12
Paper ID: NCAIDT2025-0483